[Information value of lipid peroxidation parameters in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses].

Evaluation of lipid peroxidation in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses revealed activation of free radical oxidation. Serum levels of diene conjugates and end products of free radical lipid peroxidation appeared to be informative parameters for assessing influences on body system and for estimating the disease severity and the individual protective means efficiency.

[Polymorphism of genes of the system of biotransformation of xenobiotics in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses].

Evaluation of genes polymorphic system of xenobiotics biotransformation in patients with occupational allergodermatoses showed significantly higher percentage of incidence of polymorphic variants of genes CYP 1A1 *2C and EPHX1 AND-415G compared with population control. A combination of 3 or more adverse hetero--and homozygous gene alleles CYP 1A1, CYP3A4, EPHX1 and deletions of genes GSTM1 and GSTT1, is characterized by earlier (with the experience of work in harmful conditions up to 5 years) development, severe and unfavorable prognosis of occupational pathology of the skin.

[DNA damages in patients having occupational allergic dermatoses].

Studies of DNA damage processes identified high percentage of antibodies to single- and double-stranded DNA in patients having occupational allergic dermatoses,demonstrated successive increase of antibodies to single- and double-stranded DNA and to nucleosoma with longer length of service.

["Oxidants--antioxidants" system and DNA damage in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses].

Studying "oxidants-antioxidants" system in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses revealed hyperactive free radical oxidation and depressed antioxidant defence (especially nonenzymatic unit). Finding is high share of antibodies to single- and double-stranded DNA in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses.

[Role of adenylate cyclase system in pathogenesis of various types of occupational bronchial asthma]. / Rol' adenilattsiklaznoi sistemy v patogeneze razlichnykh form professional'noi bronkhial'noi astmy.

Occupational bronchial asthma with its prevalence amounting to 14% is one of the main entities in occupational morbidity structure. Clinical evidence in recent decades demonstrates changed phenotype of occupational bronchial asthma. Changes are increased number of patients suffering from the severe asthma, higher occurrence of occupational bronchial asthma which pathogenesis is more significantly mediated by nonimmune mechanisms. Prevalence of these types of occupational bronchial asthma approaches 9.7-22%.

[Silicosis hazard of silica dusts in diamond mining industry (experimental study)]. / Koniozoopasnost' kvartsoderzhashchikh pylei v almazodobavaiushchei promyshlennosti (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

Slow progressing experimental coniosis was induced by exposure to two samples of silica dust that was obtained from diamond openwork in "Mir" quarry of Yakutia. Moderate fibrogenicity of the dusts studied results from relatively low portions of silica and from metals oxides admixtures.

[Changes in the state of monooxygenase system and lipid peroxidation under the effects of carcinogenic dust]. / Izmenenie sostoianiia monooksigenaznoi sistemy i perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov pri vozdeistvii kantserogenoopasnoi pyli.

The work was aimed to study relationship of monooxygenase system and lipid peroxidation in experiments and in clinical group. The examinees were workers engaged into graphite ware production and exposed to low fibrogenic dust of coke and graphite with carcinogens (including 3,4-benzpyrene). The experimental data and examination materials prove the carcinogens to alter seriously those systems. Long stimulation of monooxygenase system and activation of lipid peroxidation could result in more intensive carcinogenic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons being a component of coal pitch.

[The prospects for the biochemical monitoring of the genetic effects in human exposure to the hazardous factors of an industrial environment]. / Perspektivy biokhimicheskogo monitoringa geneticheskikh éffektov pri vozdeistvii na cheloveka vrednykh faktorov proizvodstvennoi sredy.

Occupational hazards are predominant mutagens in industrial ecology as well as in general ecology. That evidence necessitates studies of genotype regulating homeostasis after exposure to occupational hazards. Such studies could be useful for assessment and forecast of individual risk of occupational diseases, for individual treatment and prophylaxis. That requires through evaluation including detection of DNA defects and reparation, determination of various phenotypes via serum genetic markers showing disease progress and outcome.

[Antifibrosis effect of modified forms of catalase and superoxide dismutase in experimental silicosis]. / Antifibroznoe deistvie modifitsirovannykh form katalazy i superoksiddismutazy pri éksperimental'nom silikoze.

The forms of catalase modified by treatment with dextran aldehyde were obtained and studied. Efficacy of the preparations containing native and modified forms of catalase and superoxide dismutase as well as their covalent bienzyme conjugate containing catalase-dextran aldehyde-superoxide dismutase was studied in rats with simulated silicosis. The preparations were administered into rats by means of inhalation and intraperitoneal injection. Positive protective effect exhibited a mixture of native enzymes and their covalent conjugate. The most pronounced additional effect was caused by the mixture of native catalase and superoxide dismutase as compared with modified preparation of superoxide dismutase. The preparation of bienzyme containing conjugate was less effective.

[Experimental research on the efficacy of terrilytin in silicosis]. / Eksperimental'nye issledovaniia éffektivnosti terrilitina pri silikoze.

Experimental silicosis was induced by quartz-containing dust administered intratracheally to Wistar male rats. Proteoclastic enzymes terrilytine was found to arrest pulmonary fibrosis, which was proved by inhibited development of silicotic granulomas and their lowered fibrosis. Terrilytine was most effective when inhaled in a dose of 0.08 PU per rat. Injected intraperitoneally, terrilytine in the dose elevated from 0.1-0.2 to 0.3 PU inhibited fibrosis developing in the presence of marked serous desquamative alveolitis. Incorporation of the enzyme in the cholesterol-lecithin liposomes prevents this side effect in the lungs. Liposomes injected intraperitoneally do not influence the development of pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis.

[Antifibrotic effects of aldehyde dextran modified superoxide dismutase in experimental silicosis]. / Antifibroznoe deistvie modifitsirovannoi al'degiddekstranom superoksiddismutazy pri éksperimental'nom silikoze.

The present paper dwells on biomedical study of aldehyde dextran modified superoxide dismutase. Pharmacokinetic data demonstrated that modification of superoxide dismutase increased its half-time. A rat model of experimental silicosis showed that aldehyde dextran modified superoxide dismutase inhibited evolving fibrosis in the lungs. The same dose of native enzyme produced no therapeutic effect. Thus, superoxide dismutase can be considered as a potential agent for treatment of fibrosis due to its modification.

[Impairment of lipid peroxidation control in patients with dust-induced lung diseases]. / Narushenie kontrolia lipoperekisnogo okisleniia u bol'nykh pylevymi zabolevaniiami legkikh.

Content of lipid peroxides was increased in blood plasma of patients with dust-dependent diseases of lungs (fibrinogenous dust--pneumoconiosis, dust bronchitis; carcinogenous dust--dust bronchitis), whereas the tocopherol level was similar to normal values in pneumoconiosis and elevated in dust bronchitis. The increase in tocopherol content might be considered as a compensatory mechanism in response to augmented lipid peroxidation. At the same time, this compensation was not sufficiently effective, as a result of which the antioxidant activity was relatively decreased in blood plasma as well as the antioxidant control was impaired in tissues and accompanied by intensification of the free radical reactions.